Growth of Road and Transport sector

Item Unit 1980 1985 1991 1996 2001 2004 Road length (PWD) kms 17408 19107 20283 22863 21508 22991 Road length (PWD) per sq. km kms 0.45 0.51 0.52 0.57 0.55 0.59 Road length (panchayats) kms 66158 81515 99022 106920 87094 98973 Motor vehicles Nos 174704 319259 647742 1170241 2111885 2792094 Motor vehicles per 100 sq km Nos 450 821 1667 3011 5434 7184 Railway route length kms 916 914 998 1198 1148 1148 *Source - Economic Review 2004 (Kerala State Planning Board)

District-wise and category wise length of roads maintained by PWD as on 1.4.2004 (in km)

Name of District National Highways State Highways Major district roads Other district roads Village roads Total Thiruvananthapuram 79.000 169.360 704.123 899.907 80.067 1932.457 Kollam 150.595 90.682 1265.883 123.462 6.902 1637.524 Pathanamthitta 34.615 207.268 553.677 598.755 48.555 1442.870 Alappuzha 88.100 138.121 837.131 79.991 80.614 1223.957 Kottayam 73.662 378.006 1643.577 135.686 16.158 2247.089 Idukki 157.708 880.593 495.573 278.606 16.250 1828.730 Ernakulam 172.760 289.113 908.349 867.370 118.385 2355.977 Thrissur 127.580 322.391 1088.000 161.000 15.000 1713.971 Palakkad 120.640 373.079 794.026 436.910 42.390 1767.045 Malappuram 156.900 208.867 1278.341 198.143 143.140 1985.391 Kozhikode 134.444 160.833 454.643 746.934 1496.854 Wayanad 60.000 97.165 315.015 65.935 37.782 575.897 Kannur 82.000 240.899 1062.103 445.776 2.960 1834.593 Kasaragod 85.950 227.485 310.823 277.043 47.790 949.091 Total 1523.954 3784.717 11711.264 5315.518 655.993 22991.446

District-wise /Surface-wise length of PWD roads as on April 2004 (in km)

District cement concrete black topped water-bond mecadam others Total Thiruvananthapuram .. 1798.660 15.960 38.837 1853.457 Kollam .. 1486.929 1486.929 Pathanamthitta .. 1404.147 0.700 3.408 1408.255 Alappuzha .. 998.037 30.189 107.631 1135.857 Kottayam   2097.000 29.305 47.122 2173.427 Idukki   1285.095 6.466 379.481 1671.022 Ernakulam 0.464 2122.902 22.138 37.713 2183.217 Thrissur 3.391 1583.000 .. .. 1586.391 Palakkad .. 1570.705 24.550 51.150 1646.405 Malappuram .. 1694.796 62.795 70.990 1828.491 Kozhikode .. 1284.705 12.620 65.085 1362.410 Wayanad .. 488.557 14.800 12.540 515.897 Kannur 3.050 1745.407 .. 4.136 1752.593 Kasaragode .. 810.533 .. 52.608 863.141 Total 6.905 20370.383 219.503 870.701 *21467.492 *Excluding roads under National Highways

District-wise availability of PWD roads as on April 2004

District Length of PWD roads (km) Population (2001 census) Availability of roads (km) per 1000 people Area (sq. km) Availability of roads (km) per sq. km Thiruvananthapuram 1932.457 3,234,707 0.597 2192 0.882 Kollam 1637.524 2,584,118 0.634 2491 0.657 Pathanamthitta 1442.870 1,231,577 1.172 2642 0.546 Alappuzha 1223.957 2,105,349 0.581 1414 0.866 Kottayam 2247.089 1,952,901 1.151 2203 1.020 Idukki 1828.730 1,128,605 1.620 5019 0.364 Ernakulam 2355.977 3,098,378 0.760 2407 0.979 Thrissur 1713.971 2,975,440 0.576 3032 0.565 Palakkad 1767.045 2,617,072 0.675 4480 0.394 Malappuram 1985.391 3,629,640 0.547 3550 0.559 Kozhikode 1496.854 2,878,498 0.520 2344 0.639 Wayanad 575.897 786,627 0.732 2131 0.270 Kannur 1834.593 2,412,365 0.760 2966 0.619 Kasaragode 949.091 1,203,342 0.789 1992 0.476 Total 22991.446 31,838,619 0.722 38863 0.592

Bridges and Culvert in PWD Roads as on 1-04-2004

Item	State Highways	Major District Roads	Other District Roads	Village Roads	TOTAL
Total Number of Bridges	627	947	395	55	2024
No of unsafe bridges	68	79	30	5	182
Total No of culverts	11454	21892	12808	1451	47605
No. of unsafe culverts	743	604	253	54	1654